Sodium Preloading: General Athlete Guidelines

Purpose: Help retain fluid before prolonged exercise, especially in the heat. These are starting points for healthy adults to trial in training—not a requirement before every session.

Short or easy session; cool conditions

Normal meals and drinking to thirst. Usually no special sodium preload needed.

Usual routine

Long or hot session/race

Trial 500 mL (17 oz) fluid containing 750 mg sodium.

Start about 90 minutes before; finish about 45 minutes before.

Heavy sweater facing a long, hot event

Start with the same 500 mL + 750 mg sodium. Heavy sweating alone does not mean you should double the dose.

Same timing; assess comfort and tolerance in training.

Optional evening-before preparation for a long, hot event

500 mL fluid containing 750 mg sodium, as part of usual evening fluid intake. Evening before; only if previously tested and useful.

Very high sweat losses or limited access to drinks during the event

Have a sports dietitian individualize the plan before using larger volumes or stronger concentrations. Test before race day.

The 500 mL/750 mg approach is a practical protocol published by Precision Fuel & Hydration, a commercial electrolyte provider; it is not a universal dose for every athlete. Protocol and timing

  • Check the units: A drink with 1,500 mg sodium per litre delivers 750 mg in 500 mL. Sodium and salt are different measurements.

  • Include this in your normal fluid intake. Do not add it on top of large amounts you are already drinking. Smaller athletes may need less.

  • Keep normal meals and normal salting. Avoid stacking extra salt capsules on top of the preload.

  • Trial it during training. Reduce or stop if it causes nausea, bloating, or stomach discomfort.

  • Keep drinking during exercise appropriate to your needs. Preloading does not replace your race hydration plan, guarantee cramp prevention, or protect against overdrinking.

The AIS reserves more concentrated pre-exercise loading strategies for situations such as heat and large sweat losses that cannot practically be replaced. AIS guidance

Medical exception: Athletes with kidney or heart disease, high blood pressure, or prescribed sodium/fluid restrictions should get clinician guidance before sodium loading.

NutritionMarilyn Chychota